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The resulting chemical reaction causes a "carbon rain" in which carbon atoms fall onto the seed and arrange themselves in the crystalline structure same as the original diamond. The diamonds produced by this process were already tough but the researchers toughened it up further by subjecting them to 2000°C and 5-7 gigapascals (up to 70,000 times atmospheric pressure). After this, the man-made diamonds were 50% harder than conventional diamonds. But making diamonds was not the researcher's main goal: "Our group is interested in the behaviour of materials at extreme pressures and temperatures," said co-researcher Dr Russell Hemley....
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